1 [root@master script]# vim while_counter.py 2 #!/usr/bin/python 3 # coding: utf-8 4 5 sum = 0 6 counter = 0 7 8 while counter < 101: 9 sum += counter10 counter += 111 print sum
1 [root@master script]# cat game.py 2 #!/usr/bin/python 3 # coding: utf-8 4 import random 5 ch_list = ["剪刀","石头","布"] 6 prompt = """ 7 (0) 剪刀 8 (1) 石头 9 (2) 布10 请选择(0/1/2):11 """12 win_list = [["石头","剪刀"],["布","石头"],['剪刀',"布"]]13 computer = random.choice(ch_list)14 ind = int(raw_input(prompt))15 player = ch_list[ind]16 17 print 'Your_choice:%s,computer_choice:%s' % (player,computer)18 19 if [player,computer] in win_list:20 print '\033[31;1mplayer win !!!!\033[0m'21 elif player == computer:22 print '\033[32;1m平局\033[0m'23 24 else:25 print '\033[33;1mcomputer win!!!\033[0m'
###############range用法################
1 >>> range(10)2 [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]3 >>> range(1,10,2)4 [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]5 >>> range(2,10,2)6 [2, 4, 6, 8]7 >>> range(10,1,-1)8 [10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]
##################len用法###############
1 [fush@xm35 ~ 11:11:47]$ vim alist.py 2 #!/usr/bin/python 3 # coding: utf-8 4 5 alist = ['bob','jerry','hali','cherry'] 6 7 for i in range(len(alist)): 8 print '%s: %s' %(i,alist[i]) 9 10 [fush@xm35 ~ 11:12:11]$ python alist.py11 0: bob12 1: jerry13 2: hali14 3: cherry
###############斐波那契数列##############
#!/usr/bin/python# coding: utf-8alist = [0,1]for i in range(8): sum = alist[-1] + alist[-2] alist.append(sum)for n in alist: print n,[root@master script]# python fbnq.py 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34####改进#########[root@master script]# vim fbnq.py #!/usr/bin/python# coding: utf-8alist = [0,1]num = int(raw_input('Please a number: '))for i in range(num): sum = alist[-1] + alist[-2] alist.append(sum)for n in alist: print n,[root@master script]# python fbnq.py Please a number: 110 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144[root@master script]# python fbnq.py Please a number: 90 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 ###############os.system 返回码###############
os.system()操作的结果是一个等价于echo $? 的一个值，成功为0，不成功非0值
1 [root@master script]# vim system.py 2 #!/usr/bin/python 3 # coding:utf-8 4 5 import os 6 7 result = os.system('cat /etc/passwd &> /dev/null') 8 print result 9 10 [root@master script]# python system.py 11 0 ping 主机连通性例子：
1 [root@master script]# vim ping.py 2 #!/usr/bin/python 3 # coding:utf-8 4 5 import os 6 7 for i in range(1,255): 8 ip = '192.168.244.%s' % i 9 result = os.system('ping -c2 %s &> /dev/null' % ip)10 if result:11 print '%s: down' % ip12 else:13 print '%s: up' % ip14 15 检测：16 [root@master script]# python ping.py 17 192.168.244.1: down18 192.168.244.2: up19 192.168.244.3: down20 192.168.244.4: down21 192.168.244.5: down 多线程：
##################解析列表##############
1 >>> ['hello' for i in range(3)] 2 ['hello', 'hello', 'hello'] 3 >>> [10 for i in range(3)] 4 [10, 10, 10] 5 >>> [i for i in range(10)] 6 [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 7 >>> [i**2 for i in range(10)] 8 [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81] 9 >>> [i**2 for i in range(10) if i%2]10 [1, 9, 25, 49, 81]
#############文件对象##############
1.文件读取
例子：
1 >>> f = open('/etc/hosts')2 >>> data = f.read()3 >>> print data,4 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain45 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain66 192.168.244.200 master7 192.168.244.201 slave18 192.168.244.202 slave29 >>> f.close() 2.文件写入
1 >>> f= open('hi.txt','w')2 >>> f.write('hello\n') 3 >>> f.close()4 >>> f= open('hi.txt','a')5 >>> f.write('fush\n')6 >>> f.flush() 注释：‘w’表示以只写方式，不能读取，再次写入内容会覆盖前面的内容，‘a’ 追加内容 >>> f.writelines(['1st line.\n','2th line.\n']) [root@master script]# cat /root/hi.txt
1111st line.2th line.###########cp例子###########
1 [root@master script]# vim cp.py 2 #!/usr/bin/python 3 # coding:utf-8 4 5 f = open('/etc/passwd') 6 k = open('/root/passwd','a') 7 while True: 8 data = f.read(4096) 9 if not data:10 break11 k.write(data)12 13 f.close()14 k.close()15 16 检测：17 [root@master script]# python cp.py18 [root@master script]# cat /root/passwd 19 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash20 bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin21 daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin22 adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin23 lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin24 sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync25 shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown26 halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt27 mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin28 uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin29 operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin30 games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin31 gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin32 ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin33 nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin34 vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin35 saslauth:x:499:76:Saslauthd user:/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nologin36 postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin37 sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
1 改进版：函数方式 2 3 [root@master script]# vim cp.py 4 #!/usr/bin/python 5 # coding:utf-8 6 7 def cp(sfname,dfname): 8 f = open(sfname) 9 k = open(dfname,'w')10 while True:11 data = f.read(4096)12 if not data:13 break14 k.write(data)15 16 f.close()17 k.close()18 sname = raw_input('source_name: ')19 dname = raw_input('destination_name: ')20 cp(sname,dname)21 22 检测：23 [root@master script]# python cp.py 24 source_name: /etc/passwd25 destination_name: /usr/local/src/passwd 26 [root@master script]# cat /usr/local/src/passwd27 root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash28 bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin29 daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin30 adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin31 lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin32 sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync33 shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown34 halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt35 mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin36 uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin37 operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin38 games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin39 gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin40 ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin41 nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin42 vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin43 saslauth:x:499:76:Saslauthd user:/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nologin44 postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin45 sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin 1 增强版： 2 [root@master script]# vim cp.py 3 #!/usr/bin/python 4 # coding:utf-8 5 6 import sys 7 def cp(sfname,dfname): 8 f = open(sfname) 9 k = open(dfname,'w')10 while True:11 data = f.read(4096)12 if not data:13 break14 k.write(data)15 16 f.close()17 k.close()18 cp(sys.argv[1],sys.argv[2])19 20 检测：21 [root@master script]# python cp.py /etc/hosts /home/zhuji22 [root@master script]# cat !$23 cat /home/zhuji24 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain425 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain626 192.168.244.200 master27 192.168.244.201 slave128 192.168.244.202 slave2
##############函数初识##################
[root@master ~]# vim func01.py #!/usr/bin/python# coding:utf-8def pstar(): print '*' * 20 print '#' * 20a= pstar()print a[root@master ~]# python func01.py********************####################None 备注：当函数没有返回值，返回None
形参例子： 1 [root@master ~]# vim func01.py 2 #!/usr/bin/python 3 # coding:utf-8 4 5 def pstar(num): 6 return '*' * num 7 8 n = int(raw_input('number: ')) 9 print pstar(n)10 11 12 [root@master ~]# python func01.py13 number: 1514 *************** 默认参数例子： [root@master ~]# vim func01.py
#!/usr/bin/python# coding:utf-8def pstar(num=20):
return '*' * numn = int(raw_input('number: '))
print pstar()print pstar(n)[root@master ~]# python func01.py
number: 15***********************************备注：调用函数不带参数时，用默认参数20；有带参数时，不用默认，会覆盖默认的参数
##############函数的位置参数#############
1 [root@master script]# vim position.py 2 #!/usr/bin/python 3 # coding:utf-8 4 5 import sys 6 7 print sys.argv 8 9 检测：10 [root@master script]# ./position.py 11 ['./position.py']12 [root@master script]# ./position.py hello13 ['./position.py', 'hello']14 [root@master script]# ./position.py hello fush15 ['./position.py', 'hello', 'fush'] 备注：sys.argv 是一个list
###############模块相关################
1 >>> import string 2 >>> string.upper('abc') 3 'ABC' 4 >>> string.__file__ 5 '/usr/lib64/python2.6/string.pyc' ###string模块文件位置 6 7 查看模块文件： 8 [root@master script]# vim /usr/lib64/python2.6/string.py 9 """A collection of string operations (most are no longer used).10 11 Warning: most of the code you see here isn't normally used nowadays.12 Beginning with Python 1.6, many of these functions are implemented as13 """A collection of string operations (most are no longer used). 1 导入模块： 2 >>> from random import choice ##只导入random的choice 3 >>> choice('adfe') 4 'a' 5 >>> choice('adfe') 6 'a' 7 >>> choice('adfe') 8 'd' 9 >>> choice('adfe')10 'd'11 >>> choice('adfe')12 'e'13 >>> choice('adfe')14 'f'15 >>> random.choice('fush') ###前面没有导入random，会报错16 Traceback (most recent call last):17 File " ", line 1, in 18 NameError: name 'random' is not defined19 >>> import random as rdm ##把random模块起了个别名rdm20 >>> rdm.choice('fush')21 's'22 >>> rdm.choice('fush')23 's'24 >>> rdm.choice('fush')25 'f'